中外詩文翻譯(華章英韻)║長恨歌║總第9期
2019-08-07 23:30:10 作者：中詩翻譯 | 來源：中詩網(wǎng) | 閱讀： 次
今日七夕，時人奉之為中國情人節(jié)。與七夕相關的愛情故事，除了它的起源傳說“牛郎織女”外，唐明皇和楊貴妃的故事也同樣家喻戶曉。
主持人
王如利（Wang Ruli）
丁立群（Ding Liqun）
Introduction
今日七夕，時人奉之為中國情人節(jié)。與七夕相關的愛情故事，除了它的起源傳說“牛郎織女”外，唐明皇和楊貴妃的故事也同樣家喻戶曉。說李、楊的故事和七夕有關，是因為詩人喜歡將他們類比牛郎織女。白居易《長恨歌》說：“七月七日長生殿，夜半無人私語時。在天愿作比翼鳥，在地愿為連理枝。”李商隱《馬嵬》寫：“此日六軍同駐馬，當時七夕笑牽牛。”別管天上人間、帝王百姓，人們對于愛情的追求都是一樣的。本期《華章英韻》有幸請到旅美作家、翻譯家吳興祿先生為讀者帶來英文版《長恨歌》。吳先生是韻譯高手，但《長恨歌》洋洋千言，閎中肆外，很難用另一種語言全面?zhèn)鬟_其音、形、意之美，故而吳先生退而求其次，沒有考慮音步和押韻。雖然譯詩略失原作抑揚頓挫的節(jié)奏感，但文筆自然流暢，敘述感人至深，足見譯者的非凡功力。
Today is the Double Seventh Day, currently known as the Chinese Valentine's Day. Except for the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl from which this very festival originated, the well-known love story of Xuanzong and Concubine Yang is also related to this special day, for poets like to compare them with the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. In "Song of Everlasting Regret", Bai Juyi writes: "On the seventh day of the seventh moon in Longevity Hall,/They vowed to each other at midnight when none were near:/They wished to be birds flying side by side in the sky,/They wished to be two bough-interlaced trees on earth.” Li Shangyin also relates in "Mawei": "Now together the Six Troops stopped their horses and refused to advance,/ Then on the Double Seventh how they'd laughed at the Cowherd's mischance!" Thus, we may say, no matter in the heavens or on the earth, for the royal family or to the common people, the pursuit of true love is universal. This issue of Chinese Verse in English Rhyme has the great honor to invite the Chinese American author and translator Mr. Wu Xinlu to share with our readers his English translation of "Song of Everlasting Regret". Mr. Wu is an expert of rhyme in poetry translation, but this poem is a long and detailed narrative poem with nearly one thousand characters and is nearly impossible to be conveyed in sense, sound and form at the same time. Given this, Mr. Wu decided to take the second best and attempted at a free verse translation. Although the musical cadence of the original is somehow lost, the translated poem is natural, fluent and touching, which shows the translator's extraordinary expertise.
（蔡鐵勇書法）
長恨歌
唐•白居易
漢皇重色思傾國，御宇多年求不得。
楊家有女初長成，養(yǎng)在深閨人未識。
天生麗質(zhì)難自棄，一朝選在君王側(cè)。
回眸一笑百媚生，六宮粉黛無顏色。
春寒賜浴華清池，溫泉水滑洗凝脂。
侍兒扶起嬌無力，始是新承恩澤時。
云鬢花顏金步搖，芙蓉帳暖度春宵。
春宵苦短日高起，從此君王不早朝。
承歡侍宴無閑暇，春從春游夜專夜。
后宮佳麗三千人，三千寵愛在一身。
金屋妝成嬌侍夜，玉樓宴罷醉和春。
姊妹弟兄皆列土，可憐光彩生門戶。
遂令天下父母心，不重生男重生女。
驪宮高處入青云，仙樂風飄處處聞。
緩歌慢舞凝絲竹，盡日君王看不足。
漁陽鼙鼓動地來，驚破霓裳羽衣曲。
九重城闕煙塵生，千乘萬騎西南行。
翠華搖搖行復止，西出都門百余里。
六軍不發(fā)無奈何，宛轉(zhuǎn)蛾眉馬前死。
花鈿委地無人收，翠翹金雀玉搔頭。
君王掩面救不得，回看血淚相和流。
黃埃散漫風蕭索，云棧縈紆登劍閣。
峨嵋山下少人行，旌旗無光日色薄。
蜀江水碧蜀山青，圣主朝朝暮暮情。
行宮見月傷心色，夜雨聞鈴腸斷聲。
天旋地轉(zhuǎn)回龍馭，到此躊躇不能去。
馬嵬坡下泥土中，不見玉顏空死處。
君臣相顧盡沾衣，東望都門信馬歸。
歸來池苑皆依舊，太液芙蓉未央柳。
芙蓉如面柳如眉，對此如何不淚垂。
春風桃李花開日，秋雨梧桐葉落時。
西宮南內(nèi)多秋草，落葉滿階紅不掃。
梨園弟子白發(fā)新，椒房阿監(jiān)青娥老。
夕殿螢飛思悄然，孤燈挑盡未成眠。
遲遲鐘鼓初長夜，耿耿星河欲曙天。
鴛鴦瓦冷霜華重，翡翠衾寒誰與共。
悠悠生死別經(jīng)年，魂魄不曾來入夢。
臨邛道士鴻都客，能以精誠致魂魄。
為感君王輾轉(zhuǎn)思，遂教方士殷勤覓。
排空馭氣奔如電，升天入地求之遍。
上窮碧落下黃泉，兩處茫茫皆不見。
忽聞海上有仙山，山在虛無縹渺間。
樓閣玲瓏五云起，其中綽約多仙子。
中有一人字太真，雪膚花貌參差是。
金闕西廂叩玉扃，轉(zhuǎn)教小玉報雙成。
聞道漢家天子使，九華帳里夢魂驚。
攬衣推枕起徘徊，珠箔銀屏迤邐開。
云鬢半偏新睡覺，花冠不整下堂來。
風吹仙袂飄飖舉，猶似霓裳羽衣舞。
玉容寂寞淚闌干，梨花一枝春帶雨。
含情凝睇謝君王，一別音容兩渺茫。
昭陽殿里恩愛絕，蓬萊宮中日月長。
回頭下望人寰處，不見長安見塵霧。
惟將舊物表深情，鈿合金釵寄將去。
釵留一股合一扇，釵擘黃金合分鈿。
但教心似金鈿堅，天上人間會相見。
臨別殷勤重寄詞，詞中有誓兩心知。
七月七日長生殿，夜半無人私語時。
在天愿作比翼鳥，在地愿為連理枝。
天長地久有時盡，此恨綿綿無絕期。
Song of Everlasting Regret
Written by Bai Juyi of Tang Dynasty
Translated by Wu Xinglu
The emperor of Han preferred women of great beauty,
He sought them out for years but in vain.
A girl in the Yang family just grew up,
Not known to anyone, being raised in deep boudoir.
Born too beautiful to give herself away easily,
She was eventually chosen at the side of the emperor.
One glance back from her beamed one hundred kinds of charm,
And the beauty of all the ladies in the six palaces1 was shadowed.
In still cold spring she was granted a bath in the pool of Huaqing2,
Her smooth skin bathed in the warm spring water.
So delicate, she was helped up by her maids,
That's the first time she enjoyed the love of the emperor.
Cloud-like hair, flower-like face, golden dangling ornament,
Spring3 nights all spent under the warm lotus canopy.
The night was too short and the sun rose high,
The emperor neglected his morning levee ever since.
Pleasing and waiting on the emperor at feast, she got no moment to spare,
Outing in spring every day, sleeping with the emperor every night.
The emperor had three thousand fairs in the harem,
But his love of the three thousands centered on one.
In the golden boudoir she made herself up for the evening,
After a feast in the jade pavilion she's drunk in spring3 action.
Her brothers and sisters all got fiefs,
Her family was admirably endowed with imperial glory.
This made all the parents under the heaven
Desirous of having girls instead of boys.
The palace on the Li Mountain towering high into the clouds,
The fairy music carried by the wind, heard everywhere.
Charming songs, graceful dances with string and bamboo instruments,
The emperor could not enjoy enough all day long.
The war drums came from Yuyang4, shaking the ground,
Breaking the Melody of Rainbow Dress and Feather Garments5.
Smokes and dusts rose from nine gates6 of the capital,
Thousands of coaches and horses marching southwest.
With emerald coach canopies swaying, they moved, then stopped.
Only a hundred miles west outside the capital.
As the troops refused to advance, the emperor could do nothing,
And the sobbing beauty died in front of his horse.
Pearl-inlaid headdress fell on the ground, but none cared to pick it,
Also hair ornaments of emerald and gold in bird shape, and jade hairpins.
The emperor couldn't save her, only covering his face,
When looking back, there flew tears and blood.
Yellow dusts floated up in the air, the wind soughing,
They scaled to Sword Pavilion7 on zigzag wooden board way up into clouds.
At the foot of E-Mei Mountains8 travelers are seldom seen,
While the banners lost brightness and the sun looked pale.
The river of Shu9 was green and the mountains of Shu were blue,
The mood of the emperor morning and evening imaginable.
In the temporary palace as the emperor watched the moon, its light seemed grievous.
In the night rain the sound of bells was heart-rending.
Like heaven and earth whirling, the dragon coach10 returning,
But at that moment, he hesitated to leave there.
In the earth at the foot of Mawei Mound11
There's no body of the buried beauty seen.
Emperor and courtiers looked at each other, their clothes wet with tears;
Their horses cantered eastward to the gate of the capital.
When returning, the pond and gardens were still the same,
Also the peonies in Taiye Pond and willows in Weiyang Palace.
Her face like the peonies and her eyebrows like willow leaves,
Confronting these, how could the tears not be trickling?
Also on the day when the blooms of peach and plum blew in spring,
And at the time when the leaves of Chinese parasol fell in autumnal rains.
There's a lot of autumnal grass in western and southern palaces,
And the ruddy fallen leaves all over the steps no one swept.
The performers of the imperial troupe had new white hair growing.
The eunuchs and maids in her former chamber became old.
As fireflies darted in the evening hall, the thought of her stole in,
When the wicker in the single lamp burned up, sleeplessness lasted.
The night grew long and the morning bell and drum sounded late,
The day's breaking and the Milky Way still seen across the sky.
The dews dense on the cold tiles shaped in mandarin ducks,
The emerald quilts also cold since no one to sleep in together.
During the lasting separation of life and death experience for years,
Her ghost had never come into the dream of the survivor.
The Taoist from Linqiong12 was the visitor to Hongdu12,
Who could summon the ghost with his spirit of earnestness.
Touched by the whole-hearted thinking of the emperor,
The Taoist set his heart on searching her ghost far and wide.
He rode on the air into the other space as swift as lightning,
Exploring everywhere in Heavens and in the other world.
He sought in paradise and he sought in Hades,
And her ghost was not there in either place.
All at once he heard of the fairy mountains on the sea;
The mountains were situated in the vast void.
The magnificent pavilions rose among five-colored clouds,
In which there were a lot of elegant goddesses.
One of them was called Taizhen13,
With snow-white skin and flower-beautiful face as she had.
He knocked at the jade door of the west chamber in the golden pavilion,
Asking Xiaoyu14, the maid, to tell Shuangcheng14, another maid,
When hearing the arrival of the messenger of the Han emperor,
Her ghost startled from the dream in splendid canopy.
Lifting her dress, pushing away her pillow, she loitered forth,
The silver screen with pearly foils opened gradually.
With her piled-up hair tilting aside, just awake from the sleep,
She walked into the hall in disheveled wreath crown.
Her fairy dress fluttered up in the wind,
Like in a dance of rainbow-colored feather-adorned garment.
Her pretty face reflected solitude with tears trickling,
Like a pear blossom in the spring rains.
She thanked the emperor with a gaze full of feelings,
His voice and visage was so far away after parting.
Thus ended the love expressed in Zhaoyang Hall;
But here in Penglai Palace the time was eternal.
When looking down back to the human world,
She couldn't see Chang An, the capital, but mists and dusts.
To show her deep feelings she could only produce the old stuff,
And wanted to send the gold hairpin and decorated box,
She kept half of the pin and box for herself.
That's half of the pin gold, half of the box decoration.
If only our hearts so sincere as gold and box so sturdy,
We'd meet either in heavens or in the world.
When parting, she sent words by the Taoist,
There's a vow in the words they both knew.
On the seventh day of the seventh moon in Longevity Hall,
They vowed to each other at midnight when none were near:
They wished to be birds flying side by side in the sky,
They wished to be two bough-interlaced trees on earth.
Heaven and earth, though everlasting, might have an end,
The parting regret of theirs would last without an end.
Notes：
[1] Six palaces denoted the living quarters of the emperor's women collectively.
[2] Huaqing is the name of a place where there was a bathing pool for the imperial family.
[3] The Chinese character "spring" can imply sex.
[4] Yuyang is the name of a place, where a rebellion happened.
[5] The Melody of Rainbow Dress and Feather Garments meant the dance with music performed by Concubine Yang. The emperor liked it very much. When the rebellious army came, he could not watch the dance any more.
[6] Nine gates meant that the capital city had many gates and also could mean that there were gates after gates to the palace.
[7] Sword Pavilion is the name of a place in the present Sichuan Province.
[8] E-Mei Mountains are in the Sichuan Province, on which there are many temples.
[9] Shu is the nickname of Sichuan Province.
[10] Dragon coach was a coach used only by the emperor. Dragon in China was the imperial emblem.
[11] Mawei Mound was the name of a place where the concubine Yang was forced to die and buried there.
[12] Linqiong was the name of a place and Hongdu denoted the capital.
[13] Taizhen was another name of Concubine Yang.
[14] Xiaoyu was the daughter of King Fucha of Wu Kingdom in the East Zhou Dynasty. Shuangcheng was the daughter of Queen Goddess in Chinese mythology. Both were used here to denote the maids of Concubine Yang in the fairyland.
The Translator's Remarks
“長恨歌”是唐代著名詩人白居易的名作，本人從小喜歡詩詞，特別為詩中真摯的愛情故事感動。后來學了英文，也特別喜歡英文詩歌。以后工作之余，喜歡把中國詩詞譯成英文，介紹給外國讀者。外國人有許多愛情詩，中國人也有愛情詩。而最膾炙人口的愛情長詩就是“長恨歌”。所以我把它譯成了英文。向外國人表示我們中國也有這么高質(zhì)量的愛情長詩。因為翻譯這么長的詩，當然不可能考慮音步與押韻，否則太花精力腦力了。
"Song of Everlasting Regret" is a famous long poem by Bai Juyi, a renowned poet of Tang Dynasty. As I liked and learned poetry since childhood, I was especially touched by the tale of the true love between the emperor Xuanzong and his imperial concubine Yang, who had an age difference of some ten years. AfterI learned English, I also like English poetry. When I was grown up, I did some translation work at my spare time. As there are lots of love poems in English, I'd like to introduce some Chinese love poems to foreigners and the first love poem I thought of to translate is this long poem. So the work is done here.
The Translator
吳興祿，網(wǎng)名海外逸士，上海人，自幼喜好詩詞古文，及長專業(yè)英語，曾執(zhí)教國內(nèi)某大學。及今赴美三十余年，安享退休歲月。已出版兩本詩詞古文英譯，兩本中文小說：《新西游記》和《荒唐女俠》，十一本英文書：《功夫大師》《慈禧太后》《武則天大帝》等等，均可見于美國最大網(wǎng)購站上。
Xinglu Wu, his web name is Oversea Hermit, coming from Shanghai. He loved poetry and classics since childhood. When he was adult, his major was English and was a teacher in some University in Shanghai. He lived in the US for more than 30 years and is now enjoying his quiet retired life. He has published two books of translation of Chinese old poems and essays into English, and two novels in Chinese:New Journey to West and Swordswoman of Absurdity, also eleven books in English, such as Kungfu Masters, Empress Dowager Cixi, and Empress Wu the Great, etc. They can be checked on amazon.com.
《中外詩文翻譯》
主 辦：中詩網(wǎng)、譯詩群
協(xié) 辦：月印無心佛教文化平臺“太原頭條”、大家網(wǎng)、金融街電訊新媒體頭條
總顧問 ：何功杰、李正栓、張智中、卓振英
總策劃 ：周占林、宛城臥龍
名譽主編：周占林
主 編：王磊、釋圣靜
名譽副主編：王永純、德肋撒.李
副主編 ：黃金珠、蔡鐵勇
編 委：王如利、丁立群、晚楓、王琳、史潘榮、羅曉佳、趙直
很贊哦！ ()