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華章英韻 |和夢(mèng)得夏至憶蘇州呈盧賓客║總第7期

2019-06-22 10:31:58 作者：中詩(shī)翻譯 | 來(lái)源：中詩(shī)網(wǎng) | 閱讀： 次
今日夏至，本期《華章英韻》由王如利主譯白居易的《和夢(mèng)得夏至憶蘇州呈盧賓客》，讓我們看看唐朝的蘇州人是怎樣過(guò)夏至的，而這樣的夏至又怎樣令大詩(shī)人白居易念念不忘。


主持人


王如利（Wang Ruli）
丁立群（Ding Liqun）

Introduction
　　今日夏至，本期《華章英韻》由王如利主譯白居易的《和夢(mèng)得夏至憶蘇州呈盧賓客》，讓我們看看唐朝的蘇州人是怎樣過(guò)夏至的，而這樣的夏至又怎樣令大詩(shī)人白居易念念不忘。
　　Today is the Summer Solstice. This issue of  Chinese Verse in English Rhyme presents to you “In Reply to Mengde’s 'Recalling Suzhou on the Summer Solstice — Presented to Advisor Lu'” written by Bai Juyi and translated by Wang Ruli. Let's see how Souzhou people of the Tang Dynasty celebrated the Summer Solstice, and how such celebration always lingered in the poet's mind.


 自由誦讀·白居易_張明彬.mp3 (691.68 KB, 下載次數(shù): 0) 
張明彬副教授中英文朗誦


和夢(mèng)得夏至憶蘇州呈盧賓客
唐·白居易

憶在蘇州日，常諳夏至筵。
粽香筒竹嫩，炙脆子鵝鮮。
水國(guó)多臺(tái)榭，吳風(fēng)尚管弦。
每家皆有酒，無(wú)處不過(guò)船。
交印君相次，褰帷我在前。
此鄉(xiāng)俱老矣，東望共依然。
洛下麥秋月，江南梅雨天。
齊云樓上事，已上十三年。


蔡鐵勇中英文書法

In Reply to Mengde's
"Recalling Suzhou on the Summer Solstice —  Presented to Advisor Lu"
Written by Bai Juyi (The Tang Dynasty)
Translated by Wang Ruli

The days in Suzhou I always recall
With Summer Solstice Feast and all:
Sweet Zongzi, tender bamboo shoots,
Grilled meat crispy and savory goose;
The water town with pavilions fair,
And melodious music in the air;
Every household hosting a banquet of wine,
Boats carrying people everywhere to dine.
One succeeding the other, you took office,
Before that, I had been there in service.
Retired to this land, now we are all old,
But to memories of the East we still hold:
The month in Luo to harvest wheat grains,
South of the Yangtze, is season of plum rains.
Since the gatherings on Cloud High,
Thirteen solid years have gone by.


The Translator's Reflections

　　此詩(shī)寫于唐開(kāi)成三年（公元838年），從題目《和夢(mèng)得夏至憶蘇州呈盧賓客》可知它是一個(gè)連鎖反應(yīng)的結(jié)果。原詩(shī)有注曰:“予與劉、盧三人，前后相次典蘇州，今同分司，老于洛下。” 也就是說(shuō)，白居易和他的朋友劉禹錫、盧周仁都曾先后任蘇州刺史，所以到了“老于洛下”的時(shí)候，蘇州便成了他們共同的懷念。這一年盧周仁繼白、劉之后授職“太子賓客分司東都”來(lái)到洛陽(yáng)，成為題目中所說(shuō)的“盧賓客”，引發(fā)了既是蘇州人又是前任父母官的劉禹錫對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)的思念之情，于是寫下《夏至憶蘇州呈盧賓客》（已佚），該詩(shī)繼而觸動(dòng)了曾在蘇州做少年游又最終實(shí)現(xiàn)理想得而治之的白居易對(duì)故地的懷舊之思。時(shí)值夏至，故而“夏至筵”首先涌入詩(shī)人腦海：香粽嫩筍，脆炙鮮鵝，舞榭歌臺(tái)，船來(lái)人往，吃的、聽(tīng)的、看的一派水國(guó)吳風(fēng)氣象。接著詩(shī)人說(shuō)：“你我都曾在蘇州為官，而今老了，賦閑東都，蘇州是我們的共同懷念，看著洛陽(yáng)的麥?zhǔn)?，想的都是江南的梅雨。齊云樓上的風(fēng)雅際會(huì)，轉(zhuǎn)眼已是十三年前的事了！”齊云樓原名“月華樓”，白居易將其更名為“齊云樓”，取“高與云齊”之意。有這樣非同一般的緣分，難怪白太守念茲在茲。

　　這首詩(shī)雖然寫于夏至，但內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)永日炎天，而是對(duì)蘇州人情風(fēng)物的美好回憶。時(shí)值畢業(yè)季，看莘莘學(xué)子依依別去，讀到這首詩(shī)，曾經(jīng)在蘇州度過(guò)三年研究生歲月的筆者也不禁撫今追昔，心中頗有戚戚焉。白居易因病卸任時(shí)，“蘇州十萬(wàn)戶，盡作嬰兒啼”（劉禹錫《白太守行》），筆者雖然沒(méi)有白太守那樣熱愛(ài)蘇州又受蘇州人民愛(ài)戴，但蘇州的丘山園林、小橋流水、美酒佳肴、良師益友也同樣是我一生中最美好的回憶，故而譯詩(shī)時(shí)情以共之，以情馭筆，不拘字櫛句比，為求整體神韻貫通，對(duì)斷句和韻式等形式特征有所調(diào)整。原詩(shī)偶行押韻，譯詩(shī)難以做到一韻到底又意韻相合，故采用了八對(duì)雙行押韻韻式。筆者以下智逮高情，當(dāng)然只有“瞻望邈難逮”( 陶淵明《癸卯歲始春懷古田舍二首》)的份兒，或曰附庸風(fēng)雅，或曰自不量力，但自念與三位太守“東望共依然”的赤子之心相同，故不揣淺陋自薦主筆，但求略達(dá)一二，或也無(wú)傷風(fēng)雅，畢竟“模仿是平庸對(duì)偉大的最誠(chéng)摯的夸贊”（奧斯卡•王爾德）。
  (上文有關(guān)詩(shī)人和詩(shī)作的背景知識(shí)參考了《一個(gè)節(jié)氣讀首詩(shī)•夏至 》特此致謝！)

　　Written in 838, third year of the brief reign of Tang Dynasty Kaicheng (836-40), the title of the poem, “In Reply to Mengde’s ‘Recalling Suzhou on the Summer Solstice — Presented to Advisor Lu’”, indicates a chain reaction. The annotation by the poem's author, declares “I, Liu and Lu were sequentially in charge of Suzhou. Now, as advisors to the Crown Prince, we have retired to Luoyang.” That is to say, Bai Juyi and his friends, Liu Yuxi and Lu Zhouren, had all held the post of governor of Suzhou before retiring to Luoyang, the second capital of Tang in Henan Province, where their time in Suzhou became a shared reminiscence. Following in the footsteps of Bai and Liu, Lu was appointed “advisor to the Crown Prince in charge of the Eastern Capital” in 838, coming to Luoyang and becoming “Advisor Lu” as mentioned in the title. This move provoked Liu Yuxi’s nostalgia for Suzhou as his hometown and the place he had once governed. It was against this background that he wrote the poem “Recalling Suzhou on the Summer Solstice — Presented to Advisor Lu” (lost). His poem, in turn, evoked Bai Juyi’s longing for Suzhou, where he spent several of his adolescent years and later fulfilled his teenage dream of becoming its governor. The poem was written at the time of the Summer Solstice, so that what first came into the poet’s mind was the feast associated with its celebration: sweet Zongzi [glutinous rice wrapped in triangular shape in reed leaves] and tender bamboo shoots, crispy grilled meat and savory goose, beautiful pavilions and melodious music, hospitable locals and boats bustling here and there. The food, the music, the scenery, everything had a special taste of the ancient southern water town. Then the poet related how “we had all been the governor of Suzhou. Now retired to Luoyang as three old men, Suzhou is still our shared memory. The month of the wheat harvest in Luoyang reminds me of the plum rain season in Suzhou. Alas, it has been 13 years since my last gatherings on Cloud High Tower” [previously known as ‘Moonlight Tower’, renamed by Bai Juyi for its height penetrating the clouds]. Unforgettable anecdotes such as these explain Bai Juyi’s strong attachment for this place.

      Though written on the Summer Solstice, this poem has nothing to do with the longest day of the year of scorching sunshine; rather, it recalls “the good old days” in Suzhou. In the graduation season when students are bidding reluctant farewell to each other, as one who spent three memorable years of postgraduate study in that particular city, this poem strikes a chord in my heart. When Bai Juyi resigned from the governorship due to health problems, “thousands of households in Suzhou cried like babies” [from ‘The Departure of Governor Bai’ by Liu Yuxi]. Although not loving Suzhou and loved by Suzhou people as much as Governor Bai, I also have the most cherished memories about the city: its gardens and hills, its bridges and canals, its good wine and delicious food, and, most important of all, my beloved teachers and friends. Sharing such good memories, I have great empathy with the poet’s attachment to Suzhou and have tried to express what I feel through this poem in a freer way, adjusting the pauses and rhymes to achieve an overall aesthetic effect, instead of sticking to the literal meaning and original sentence pattern. The original poem has a monrhyme for each even line, while the rhyme scheme in the translation is a pattern of eight rhyming couplets, adopted due to the difficulty of finding a suitable rhyme for all the even lines in English. Attempting to render the poet’s sublime feelings with my slow wit, “my aspiration is meant to fail” [from ‘Two Poems Reminiscing about the Past in the Early Spring’ by Tao Yuanming]. Some may say I’m just hanging on to the lips of men of letters, someone may say I’m biting off more than I can chew. However, like the three governors, I have the same childlike love for Suzhou, and “to memories of the East we still hold”. Therefore, despite my benighted inabilities, I venture to recommend myself to translate this poem, wishing to convey a little bit of the original, hopefully doing no harm to the literary pursuits. After all, “Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery that mediocrity can pay to greatness.” [OscarWilde]
      （My thanks to Mr. Geoffrey Murray for reading and making helpful comments on the earlier draft of this essay.）
About The Translator

　　王如利，筆名蘭若，河北師范大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教育學(xué)士，蘇州大學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)碩士，中央民族大學(xué)語(yǔ)言學(xué)博士，曾于2008-2009年在美國(guó)波士頓大學(xué)英語(yǔ)系訪學(xué)，師從前?？思{學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)約翰·馬修斯教授學(xué)習(xí)美國(guó)現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)，現(xiàn)任中央民族大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院副教授，研究領(lǐng)域包括英美文學(xué)、社會(huì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)和詩(shī)歌翻譯，出版過(guò)專著《新英源借詞社會(huì)差異研究》和譯著《微笑依然》，有多篇論文和譯文在國(guó)內(nèi)外期刊發(fā)表，與丁立群共同主持中國(guó)詩(shī)歌網(wǎng)中詩(shī)翻譯欄目“華章英韻”，另有公眾號(hào)“蘭若詩(shī)譯”發(fā)表原創(chuàng)譯論和譯詩(shī)，致力于中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)詩(shī)歌的繼承、翻譯和推廣。

      Wang Ruli, also known by her pen name Orchid (Lanruo), is an Associate Professor of English with a BA in English Education, an MA in English language and literature and a Ph.D. in linguistics, who is currently teaching in School of Foreign Studies, Minzu University of China. She visited the English Department of Boston University from 2008 to 2009, working with professor John T. Matthews, the former president of William Faulkner Society, dealing with modern American novels. Her academic interests range from English literature, sociolinguistics to biography, poetry and academic translation. She is the author of the monograph Research on the Social Variation of New English Lexical Borrowings (2009), the translator of June Dally-Watkins’ autobiography Still Smiling (2016) and has published dozens of journal articles on literature and linguistics. She co-hosts with Professor Ding Liqun the poetry translation column Chinese Verse in English Rhyme sponsored by Chinese Poetry Network. Her WeChat public account Poetry Translation of Orchid is dedicated to the translation, spread and inheritance of classical Chinese poetry.


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